Fourdrinier type of paper-making machine.



J. LEWTHWAITE.-

rouamumm TYPE OF PAPER MAKING MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 14, 1913.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2. 1912.

WITNESSES:

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A TTORNEY J. LEWTHWAITE. FOURDBINIEB TYPE OF'PAPBB'MAKING MACHINE.APPLIQATIOH TILED JAN. 2, 1912. 1,050,3 7,. Patented Jan.14,1913.

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WITN I mm m M Jew W or A TTORNEY JOHN LEWTHWAITE, OF WEST OREGON CITY,OREGON.

FOURDRINIEB TYPE OF PAPER-MAKING MACHINE.

Application filed January 2, 1912.

Specification of Letters latent. v

Patented Jan. 14, 1913. Serial No. scams.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN LEwTHwArrn, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Vest Oregon City, Ola-ckamas county, State of Oregon, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Fourth-i nier Type ofPaper-Making Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates both to the method and mechanical means embodied inthe paper machines of the Harper or F ourdrinier type. Reviewing brieflythe present state of the art in this respect, 111 Order to more readilyunderstand the purpose of my improvement: Under the Fourdrinier type ofmachine, as known, is understood a device embodying means for 1111-parting a lateral vibration to the wire cloth carrying the pulp, inorder to assist and promote the felting process by overcoming thetendency of the fibers to be afilectedby the forward motion of the wireand, in consequence, assuming a position parallel to each other,pointing in the direction of travel, instead of inter-winding andfelting. The side motion obtained in the F ourdrinier type of machinecauses a portion of the fibers to assume a position more or less atright angles to the direction of travel, and in so doing promotes thefelting process. However, it is known that the Fourdrinier type ofmachine heretofore did not fully accomplish the end desired, for it isstill easy to tell by the tearing of the sheet of paper so producedwhich way it was made in the machine. In other words. the feltingprocess was not perfectly accomplished. I have discovcrcd that thereason for such defective felting, notwithstznnling said lateral shake,resides in the ditiiculty of properly adjusting the lateral vibration soas to fully accomplish its purpose. Th lateral shukcs should be soregulated that as much water as pc-ssille will have escapcd through thewire cloth before the paper reaches the suction boxes of the machine.But as the fibers will only felt so long as they are suspended in thewater, the latter must, on the other hand, be prevented from drainingoff too soon. By too rapid :1 lateral shake of the wire cloth the pulpis moved sidewise so violently that the tendency of the water to fallthrough the meshes of the wire cloth is checked, and, furthermore. thesheet is thinned at its edges by the stutf being violently thrownagainst the deckle straps.

In the hand-made process of paper making, the fibers are interuvined orfelted when the agitation is at its maximum while the water is drawnofl' rapidly: and the nearer we can simulate this haml-process in themachine the more uniform and stronger will be the paper produced.

James H. Annandale, in'his patent-dated October 30, 1911, Number660,808, on paper making, informs us that the production of closetextures in paper is dependent upon the removal of the watersimultaneously with the fullest operation o f the shake, and that theshake only i'clts the paper when the quantity of water is so reducedthat the individual fibers drop against and jostle one another.

In the Fourdrinier paper machine, as heretofore constructed, the pulpdoes not settle down immediately after it leaves the slices, for thestuff is then still in a very turbulent condition, and the pulp is notin the best condition for felting until the speed of the stream of pulpand the wire cloth carrying it are about the same, which occurs some(listance l)e v md, that is, in advance of the breast roll. Such pointmay be theoretically located about half way betweenthe breast roll andthe first suction box, and atsuch point the shake should he as great asat the breast roll, for it will be then more effective in causing theinter-lining and intertwining of the fibcrs as required by the feltingprocess. In the former l ourdrinier machine the maximum lateral shakesubsided too abruptly to accomplish its purpose. Taking advantage ofthis discovery, I have so improved the shaking mechanism and the framesupporting the breast roll 'und the wire cloth to cause such wire clothto receive a uniform lateral vibration throughout its length for somedistance beyond the point at which the conditions are at their best forthe proper felting process.

Inchlenlnll my improvement carries with it two further adi untuges:First, since in the typc of machine referred to, the wire-cloth, inpassing around the breast roll, is held by the latter against lateralmovement adjacent the breast roll, and since the lateral motion isgreatest at the breast roll and diminishes from that point, there is atendcncy for the wire cloth to wor in the mesh at the breast roll, andthe resulting attrition has been found to shorten its life perceptibly.In my improvement. however, since a section of the wire beyond thebreast roll has imparted to it uniformly the same degree of lateralvibration, and since there no rigid restraint of the Wire cloth at theforward end of its said uniformly vibrated section, the working of thewire cloth in the mesh is reduced to a minimum and its life is, inconsequence, greatly prolonged. Since the wire cloth is an importantitem of expense the benefit is obvious. Secondly, my improvementintroduces an additional bearing for the frame supporting the vi bratedwire cloth, which is of great benefit, for since the wire cloth isnecessarily made of considerable length, this necessitates long bars atthe sides in which the table rolls are journaled, and if the bearings ofsuch side bars are far apart the weight imposed upon them has a tendencyto cause a torsional strain on the side bars of the frame, throwing thetable rolls out of alinement, wrinkling the wire cloth and producing badresults. Furthermore my improvement permits greater speed, since themaximum shake is applied to the sheet of pulp at the very point where itis most effective, and hence the pulp does not have to remain on thewire cloth so long, but may be moved at greater speed.

A In the accompanying drawings constituting a part of this specificationI have illustrated diagrammatically the improvement introduced by me insaid type of paper making machine, and by which improve ments I attainithe end described In said drawin"*'-r Fig re 1 shown a side elevation ot at portion of a paper machine of the l cnrdrinier type, in which myinvention is embodied; Fig. 2 shows a plan of the same portion of themachine; Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic plan view representing the skeleton ofthe frame or table by which the table rolls are supported, and on whichthe breast roll is also mounted; Fig. t is a diagrammatic side elevationof the parts of the machine shown in the preceding view; and Fig. 5 is adiagrammatictransverse section taken on the line ft filf of Fig. ()n thebase, a, shown in Fig. 1, are mounted a series of blocks, 6, I),graduated in height and on the latter are mounted standards c, c, and d,cl, adapted to be laterally vibrated.' The standards, r, (r, are mountedon pivoted supports i, 2', the inside pair of which are made withintegral arms, In, L, which are conn ted with a cone drive in myconvenient manner, the cone drive in eluding an eccentric element andpcrmitin-g the adjustment of the belt, as usual, so as to be able toadjust the intensity of the shake to suit the different grades of pulpJ36 stool: operated upon.

The devices shown but not described are understood to be of the commonconstruction and in fact the machine diagrammatically represented showsa well known type of machine modified and improved in lts construction,as specifically stated by me, but otherwise operated in the usualmanner.

The pivoting strands are connected by connections, j, j, as usual. Theupper ends of the standards, (3, 0, are pivoted to the ex tremities ofthe bars, 6, e, the pivots therefor being represented by g, g. In theside bars, 0, e. are journaled the table rolls q. On the right-hand pairof standards, 0, c, as shown in Fig. 1, are also mounted the rea r endsof the side bars f, f, the forward ends being pivoted to the rigiduprights r. The pivots of the bars, f, f, are represented by h and s. v

m is the breast roll and over the latter and the series of table rolls qruns the endless wire cloth 12 0 represents the deckle straps supportedby deckle pulleys p, p.

A portion of the series of table rolls is journaled in the side bars, f,f, as shown in Fig. 2. By means of the cone pulley drive and itsconnections, that section of the wire cloth supported by the table rollsjournaled in the side bars, 6, 6, receives a uniform lateral shakethroughout its length, While that portion of the wire cloth in advanceof the section referred to, thus in advance of the pivotal point h,receives a gradually diminishing lateral vibration which is m'l at thepivotal point 8. There is consequently a maximum lateral shake of thewire cloth from the breast roll m to the pivotal point, h. it, and sincethe section of wire cloth in advance of the breast roll vi-' brates withthe latter at uniform speed all thenvorking of the Wi re cloth in itsmeshes, and resultant attrition, is reduced to a minimum.

In due of the machines built by me for the purpose of testing anddemonstrating 'the efficiency of my invention, the pivotal point, 5farthest in advance, thus at thev right of the breast roll, as shown inthe drawings, will locate at a point distant about seven feet from thebreast roll. At this point, as mentioned, the speed of the flowing pulp,and the travel of the wire cloth are the same, all turbulence hassubsided,

the greater portion of the water has already been drained off, and allconditions are at the best for inducing the process of felting of thefibers. As mentior ed above, the length of the section of wire clothreceiving a uniform lateral shake should be so determined as to bringits forward end, that is, the end farthest beyond and in advance of thebreast roll, at a point where the speed of the flowing pulp and thetravel of the wire are the'same, and where the turbulence,

parting occasioned by the rush of the stutl beneath the slices, hassubsided and a considerable percentage of the water has already (1'ained through the wire cloth. On two machines built-by me for testingand demonstrating the etficiency of my improvement, said point waslocated ap 'n'oxin'iately seven feet in advance of the L l (tint roll,and at such point the wire cloth was eiven the same degree of lateralshake as directly in ront of the breast roll; it was also operated bythe same drive. Consequently the same degree of lateral shake wasuniformly imparted to said secti n of the wire cloth, which section hadan area of about 85 sq. ft. The side motion so imparted was, as nsuahabout onefourth of an inch throw.

I claim:

1. In the mechanical process of paper making the method which consistsin im 7 to the sheet of pulp a longitudinal motion and simultaneouslyimparting to the initial section of such sheet a uniform maximum lateralvibration throughout its length.

it. In the mechanical process of paper making-the method which consistsin immrting to the sheet of pulp a longitudinal motion andsimultaneously imparting a nadmmn lateral vibration to such sheet atll:-- initial point. and at a point located in advance f the latter.

LL In a paper making machine of the type rete rred to, the combinationwith the endles apron and means for longitudinally nosing the same, ofmeans or simultanetusly imparting to the initial section of said ap on auniform maximum lateral vibration throughout its length.

i. l n a paper making machine of the type referred to. the emnbinationwith the endless aprm and means for longitudinally naming the same, ofmeans for simultane wa imparting a maximum lateral vibraiion to saidapron at its initial point and a punt t rm d in advance of the latter.

.1 lit a pap r making machine of the type t -t mp i ing an endletraveling adapted to impart to the inimit! apron in advance of the li lmachine a uniform lateral at it length, and diminnnon beyond suchinitial t- 5 machine of the type 1 an endless traveling so ofarticulated supthe breast roll and the vibratory means adapt-- w r lintis ed for imparting a uniform lateral shake to said supporting means atthe breast roll and at a point in advance of the breast roll, anddiminishing said vibration beyond said point.

7. In a paper inak' ig machine of the type referred to, comprising anendless traveling apron, the combination with the supporting means ofthe breast roll and the traveling apron, of means for imparting lateralVibration, and aid vibrating means being connected with said supportingmeans at the breast roll and also a point in advance of the latter.

In a paper making machine of the type referred to, comprising an endlesstraveling apron, the combination with the supporting meansof the breastroll and the traveling apron, of means for imparting lateral vibration,of a. primary bearing for said supporting means and a supplementarybearing therefor located in advance of the breast roll, and saidsupporting means being adapted to be vibrated between said bearings bothof said bearings being connected to said means imparting lateralvibration.

9. In a paper making machine of the type referred to comprising anendless traveling apron, the combination with the supporting means ofthe breast roll and the traveling apron, of means for mparting lateralvibration, of a primary bearing for said supporting means and asupplementary bearing therefor located in advance of the breast roll,and said supporting means being jointed to render them vibratablebetween said bearings, both of said bearings being connected to saidmeans imparting lateral vibration.

10. In a paper making machine of the type referred to, comprising anendless traveling apron. the combination of primary and secondarybearing laterally rockable, a frame formed in two sections the firstsection of said frame being supported at its ends on said primary andsaid secondary bearings, and one end of the second section of said framebeing supported on the secondary bearings and its opposite end beingpivoted on fixed bearings; said f 'ame supporting the breast roll andthe table rolls for the endless apron of the machine; and means forvibrating the primary and secondary rockable bearings simultaneously.

7 JQHN LEVTHVVAITE. lVitnesses:

Jas. H. CARY, CECIL Lone.

